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Oral Motor Complexity Score: Organizing Speech Therapy Targets by Difficulty
Structured speech therapy worksheets with items selected and organized based on the complexity of oral movements required to produce each word or syllable.
Introduction
These speech therapy worksheets are designed to support individuals with a range of speech and language difficulties. They are especially helpful for young children (ages 3–6) with developmental speech disorders such as Childhood Apraxia of Speech (CAS), as well as for adults with motor speech impairments like dysarthria or other speech production and expressive language challenges. Unlike the general word banks available on my website, which are sorted by individual speech sounds for each consonant, these new worksheets contain monosyllabic words and syllables organized using a structured, multi-factor scoring system. This system increases clinical relevance by allowing words to be selected based on their complexity and the client’s current skill level. Some words also appear in the general word banks, but these therapy worksheets are arranged to enable gradual progression from simpler to more complex speech targets.
The worksheets focus on monosyllabic words and syllables containing a target consonant sound used in therapy (e.g., /b/). Scoring applies only to the target consonant and its immediate context, allowing focused practice on specific articulatory goals. By organizing words and syllables from easiest to most challenging based on five factors—consonant sound acquisition, place of articulation, vowel placement, consonant clusters, and word shape—the worksheets provide clinicians and caregivers with a practical tool to select therapy targets that align with a client’s current abilities, supporting steady and effective progress in speech-language intervention.
Scoring System
Each word or syllable is scored based on five factors that quantify the complexity of oral movements required for production:
- Consonant Sound Acquisition
Consonants are scored based on the typical age of acquisition in children:- Score 1: Early sounds (ages 2–3), e.g., /b/, /p/, /m/, /n/, /w/, /h/
- Score 2: Mid sounds (ages 3–4), e.g., /t/, /d/, /k/, /g/, /f/, /s/, /j/ (“y”)
- Score 3: Later sounds (age 5), e.g., /l/, /ʃ/ (“sh”), /ʧ/ (“ch”), /z/, /v/
- Score 4: Latest sounds (age 6+), e.g., /r/, /ʤ/ (“j”), /θ/ (“voiceless th”), /ð/ (“voiced th”), /ʒ/ (“measure”)
The scores of all consonants in a word are summed to calculate the total consonant score.
- Place of Articulation
When consonant scores are equal, this factor determines relative difficulty. Consonants produced at the front of the mouth are simpler:- Score 1: Front sounds (lip-based), e.g., /b/, /p/, /m/
- Score 2: Middle sounds (tongue-tip), e.g., /t/, /d/, /n/, /l/, /f/
- Score 3: Back sounds (back-of-mouth), e.g., /k/, /g/, /ʃ/
Scores for all consonants are summed.
- Vowel Placement
Vowels are scored based on tongue position, with front vowels being easier:- Score 1: Front vowels, e.g., /i/ (“see”), /ɪ/ (“sit”), /e/ (“say”), /æ/ (“cat”)
- Score 2: Middle vowels, e.g., /ʌ/ (“cup”), /ə/ (“sofa”)
- Score 3: Back vowels, e.g., /u/ (“too”), /o/ (“go”), /ɑ/ (“father”), /ɔ/ (“law”)
- Consonant Cluster Rule
Words are divided into two groups based on the target consonant /b/:- Group 1: /b/ is adjacent to a vowel or diphthong (e.g., “bee,” “boil”), simpler to articulate.
- Group 2: /b/ is part of a consonant cluster (e.g., “bulb,” “brick”), more complex.
Group 1 words are prioritized as easier targets.
- Word Shape
When other scores are equal, word shape determines order:- Simpler shapes (e.g., CV: “bee”; CVC: “bin”) precede complex shapes (e.g., CCVC: “brick”; CVCC: “bulb”).
- Shorter words are prioritized over longer ones to reduce initial complexity.
Word Examples and Therapeutic Rationale
The following table summarizes the scoring for four example words containing /b/, ordered from easiest to most complex, based on the five criteria. Detailed explanations follow, illustrating how each word’s scores contribute to its therapeutic value.
|
Word |
Consonant Score |
Place Score |
Vowel Score |
Cluster Group |
Word Shape |
Total Score |
|
Bee |
1 (/b/) |
1 (/b/) |
1 (/i/) |
Group 1 |
CV |
3 |
|
Bin |
2 (/b/, /n/) |
3 (/b/, /n/) |
1 (/ɪ/) |
Group 1 |
CVC |
6 |
|
Bulb |
4 (/b/, /l/) |
3 (/b/, /l/) |
2 (/ʌ/) |
Group 2 |
CVCC |
9 |
|
Brick |
7 (/b/, /r/, /k/) |
6 (/b/, /r/, /k/) |
1 (/ɪ/) |
Group 2 |
CCVC |
14 |
Bee
- Consonant Sound Acquisition:
One consonant, /b/ (score 1, acquired ages 2–3). Total: 1.
Early-acquired sounds allow beginners to succeed, building confidence.
- Place of Articulation:
/b/ is a bilabial stop consonant (score 1), produced by closing both lips to stop airflow.
Bilabial articulation is simple, ideal for early learners.
- Vowel Placement:
/i/ (“see”) is a high front vowel (score 1), with the tongue positioned high and forward, requiring minimal movement for ease of production.
- Consonant Cluster Rule:
Group 1 (no cluster), reducing articulatory demands.
- Word Shape:
CV (consonant-vowel), the simplest shape, minimizing motor planning
Total Score: 3
Therapeutic Value: “Bee” is easy because it uses an early-acquired bilabial stop consonant, a high front vowel, no consonant cluster, and a simple CV shape. It is ideal for beginners, allowing focused practice on /b/ with minimal motor planning demands, promoting early success in therapy.
Bin
- Consonant Sound Acquisition:
Two consonants, /b/ (score 1, acquired ages 2–3) and /n/ (score 1, acquired ages 2–3). Total: 2.
Early-acquired sounds keep the word accessible for beginners.
- Place of Articulation:
/b/ is a bilabial stop consonant (score 1), produced by closing both lips to stop airflow;
/n/ is an alveolar nasal consonant (score 2), produced with the tongue tip at the alveolar ridge and nasal airflow. Total: 3.
The alveolar articulation adds slight complexity.
- Vowel Placement:
/ɪ/ (“sit”) is a near-high front vowel (score 1), with the tongue positioned forward and slightly below the high position, simplifying articulation.
- Consonant Cluster Rule:
Group 1 (no cluster), maintaining ease of articulation.
- Word Shape:
CVC (consonant-vowel-consonant), requiring coordination for the final consonant
Total Score: 6
Therapeutic Value: “Bin” is slightly more challenging than “bee” due to its second early-acquired consonant (/n/) and CVC shape, which requires sequencing a final consonant. The bilabial stop and alveolar nasal consonants, paired with a near-high front vowel, keep articulation manageable while promoting fluency and motor planning skills for beginners.
Bulb
- Consonant Sound Acquisition:
Two consonants, /b/ (score 1, acquired ages 2–3) and /l/ (score 3, acquired age 5). Total: 4.
The later-acquired /l/ increases difficulty.
- Place of Articulation:
/b/ is a bilabial stop consonant (score 1), produced by closing both lips to stop airflow;
/l/ is an alveolar lateral approximant (score 2), produced with the tongue tip at the alveolar ridge and air passing laterally. Total: 3.
Combining bilabial and alveolar articulation requires more coordination.
- Vowel Placement:
/ʌ/ (“cup”) is a mid central vowel (score 2), with the tongue positioned centrally at mid height, adding moderate articulatory complexity.
- Consonant Cluster Rule:
Group 2 (/lb/ cluster), increasing articulatory complexity.
- Word Shape:
CVCC (consonant-vowel-consonant-consonant), demanding advanced sequencing.
Total Score: 9
Therapeutic Value: “Bulb” is more challenging than “bee” or “bin” due to its later-acquired alveolar lateral approximant (/l/), mid central vowel, consonant cluster, and complex CVCC shape. It is suitable for intermediate clients ready to work on harder sounds and structures, enhancing articulatory precision and motor planning skills.
Brick
- Consonant Sound Acquisition:
Three consonants, /b/ (score 1, acquired ages 2–3), /r/ (score 4, acquired age 6+), and /k/ (score 2, acquired ages 3–4). Total: 7. The late-acquired /r/ significantly increases difficulty.
- Place of Articulation:
/b/ is a bilabial stop consonant (score 1), produced by closing both lips to stop airflow;
/r/ is an alveolar approximant (score 2), produced with the tongue tip near the alveolar ridge;
/k/ is a velar stop consonant (score 3), produced with the tongue back at the velum to stop airflow.
Total: 6; The velar articulation with alveolar approximant requires sophisticated tongue and velum control.
- Vowel Placement:
/ɪ/ (“sit”) is a near-high front vowel (score 1), with the tongue positioned forward and slightly below the high position, balancing complexity with simpler articulation.
- Consonant Cluster Rule:
Group 2 (/br/ cluster), requiring precise timing.
- Word Shape:
CCVC (consonant-consonant-vowel-consonant), a complex shape demanding advanced sequencing.
Total Score: 14
Therapeutic Value: The velar stop (/k/) demands precise coordination of the tongue and velum to fully stop airflow, while the alveolar approximant (/r/) requires intricate tongue shaping and fine control of airflow. Additionally, the co-articulation of all sounds in the word (/brɪk/) involves complex motor planning, making the word especially challenging to produce.
Therapeutic Benefits of the Scoring System
Each factor ensures therapy targets are tailored to a client’s abilities, supporting incremental progress:
- Consonant Sound Acquisition:
Early sounds (e.g., /b/, /n/ in “bee,” “bin”) are easier for young children or those with significant speech challenges, enabling early success and confidence. Later sounds (e.g., /l/, /r/ in “bulb,” “brick”) challenge clients as they progress.
- Place of Articulation:
Front sounds (e.g., /b/ in all words) are simple, requiring only lip movement, ideal for beginners. Middle (e.g., /n/, /l/ in “bin,” “bulb”) and back sounds (e.g., /k/ in “brick”) introduce more complex tongue movements, fostering articulatory growth.
- Vowel Placement:
Front vowels (e.g., /i/, /ɪ/ in “bee,” “bin,” “brick”) minimize tongue movement, suitable for early learners. Middle vowels (e.g., /ʌ/ in “bulb”) require more tongue control, supporting skill development.
- Consonant Cluster Rule:
Group 1 words (e.g., “bee,” “bin”) are easier, as they lack clusters, ideal for early therapy.
Group 2 words (e.g., “bulb,” “brick”) challenge clients to blend consonants, enhancing sequencing skills.
- Word Shape:
Simple CV and CVC shapes (e.g., “bee,” “bin”) are easy for beginners, while complex CVCC and CCVC shapes (e.g., “bulb,” “brick”) require advanced coordination, improving motor planning.
Using the Worksheets in Speech Therapy
The scoring system enables speech-language pathologists (SLPs) and caregivers to select words tailored to a client’s needs, grounded in evidence-based principles of speech sound development and motor planning. For example, a young child with speech sound disorders or an adult with dysarthria may start with simpler words like “bee” or “bin” to practice foundational phonemes and articulatory shapes. These early targets are ideal for building confidence and skills, regardless of age. For adults, age-appropriate words are chosen to ensure relevance, but the same principles of articulatory simplicity apply as for children. This structured approach is particularly valuable for parents and caregivers, who may lack deep clinical knowledge but can use the system’s clear progression to support therapy at home. Future iterations will include additional consonants to enhance applicability for clients with diverse articulation challenges.
Development and Practical Application
The scoring system was developed to provide a systematic, evidence-informed method for selecting therapy targets based on articulatory complexity. Drawing on clinical research in speech sound acquisition and motor planning, it offers a practical tool for SLPs to plan therapy and track progress while making the process accessible to caregivers. Unlike intuitive word selection often used by experienced SLPs, this framework quantifies word difficulty, bridging the gap for parents and non-experts. It fills a void in standardized tools for motor planning-based word selection and is designed to evolve through clinical use and research.
Limitations and Future Directions
Grounded in established principles of speech sound development, articulatory complexity, and motor planning, this scoring system is a novel tool that requires further validation through research and clinical application to confirm its effectiveness across diverse populations with speech and motor speech disorders. It complements clinical judgment and individualized assessment, serving as a flexible guide for therapy planning. Ongoing use and feedback will refine its utility for both SLPs and caregivers.
Contact and Collaboration
We welcome feedback, questions, or collaboration from clinicians, researchers, and caregivers. Please use the contact form on our website to discuss the system, share experiences, or contribute to its development.
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The following words are examples of varying articulatory difficulty, as calculated using the Oral Motor Complexity Score.
Words starting with 'b' + vowel/diphthong:
bee, bay, beau, boo, bough, bow, boy, buy, by, bye, bam, ban, bang, beam, bean, beep, Ben, bib, bin, bum, bun, bad, balm, bane, bass, bat, bead, bed, beef, beet, bet, bid, biff, bit, bob, bomb, bon, bone, boob, boom, boon, bop, back, bag, beak, beck, bees, beg, bell, big, bill, biz, bud, bus, buss, but, butt, bump, bait, base, batch, bath, beach, bear, beech, beer, bide, bier, bite, boat, boot, boss, bought, bout, bowed, buck, bug, buzz, byte, band, bend, bent, badge, bail, bake, bale, ball, bawl, bike, bog, boil, boll, book, booze, bowl, bull, bank, beans, bar, bathe, beige, booth, bosh, botch, both, budge, bush, beast, bench, best, bind, bond, bounce, bound, bulb, bunk, backs, belt, billed, bisque, build, built, burn, bust, barn, based, beard, boost, born, bald, bears, bird, bold, bolt, box, barf, bored, bourse, burl, bark, birch, birth, barge, burst
Words starting with 'b' + consonant:
bleep, blip, blow, blue, bring, bra, bra, brow, blame, bleed, bless, bliss, blob, bloom, blimp, black, bleak, blood, bluff, brain, brass, brat, bread, bred, breed, brief, brine, broom, brown, blade, bleach, blouse, brag, breeze, brick, brig, bland, blend, brail, blaze, block, bloke, blues, blur, brace, braid, breach, breath, breathe, breech, bride, bright, Broad, brood, brought, brute, blank, blink, blunt, brand, blithe, Braille, brake, brave, break, bridge, broil, broke, brook, bruise, brush, blanch, blast, blessed, blest, blind, blond, blonde, brink, broach, broth, blacks, branch, breast, browned, bricks, brisk, brunch, blocks, blurred, brusque
Group 1 (non-clusters):
bee: Total Score=3, Consonant Score=1, Place Score=1, Vowel Score=1, Word Shape=CV, IPA=bi
bay: Total Score=5, Consonant Score=1, Place Score=1, Vowel Score=3, Word Shape=CV, IPA=beɪ
beau: Total Score=5, Consonant Score=1, Place Score=1, Vowel Score=3, Word Shape=CV, IPA=boʊ
boo: Total Score=5, Consonant Score=1, Place Score=1, Vowel Score=3, Word Shape=CV, IPA=bu
bough: Total Score=5, Consonant Score=1, Place Score=1, Vowel Score=3, Word Shape=CV, IPA=baʊ
bow: Total Score=5, Consonant Score=1, Place Score=1, Vowel Score=3, Word Shape=CV, IPA=boʊ
boy: Total Score=5, Consonant Score=1, Place Score=1, Vowel Score=3, Word Shape=CV, IPA=bɔɪ
buy: Total Score=5, Consonant Score=1, Place Score=1, Vowel Score=3, Word Shape=CV, IPA=baɪ
by: Total Score=5, Consonant Score=1, Place Score=1, Vowel Score=3, Word Shape=CV, IPA=baɪ
bye: Total Score=5, Consonant Score=1, Place Score=1, Vowel Score=3, Word Shape=CV, IPA=baɪ
bam: Total Score=5, Consonant Score=2, Place Score=2, Vowel Score=1, Word Shape=CVC, IPA=bæm
ban: Total Score=5, Consonant Score=2, Place Score=2, Vowel Score=1, Word Shape=CVC, IPA=bæn
bang: Total Score=5, Consonant Score=2, Place Score=2, Vowel Score=1, Word Shape=CVC, IPA=bæŋ
beam: Total Score=5, Consonant Score=2, Place Score=2, Vowel Score=1, Word Shape=CVC, IPA=bim
bean: Total Score=5, Consonant Score=2, Place Score=2, Vowel Score=1, Word Shape=CVC, IPA=bin
beep: Total Score=5, Consonant Score=2, Place Score=2, Vowel Score=1, Word Shape=CVC, IPA=bip
Ben: Total Score=5, Consonant Score=2, Place Score=2, Vowel Score=1, Word Shape=CVC, IPA=bɛn
bib: Total Score=5, Consonant Score=2, Place Score=2, Vowel Score=1, Word Shape=CVC, IPA=bɪb
bin: Total Score=5, Consonant Score=2, Place Score=2, Vowel Score=1, Word Shape=CVC, IPA=bɪn
bum: Total Score=6, Consonant Score=2, Place Score=2, Vowel Score=2, Word Shape=CVC, IPA=bəm
bun: Total Score=6, Consonant Score=2, Place Score=2, Vowel Score=2, Word Shape=CVC, IPA=bən
bad: Total Score=7, Consonant Score=3, Place Score=3, Vowel Score=1, Word Shape=CVC, IPA=bæd
balm: Total Score=7, Consonant Score=2, Place Score=2, Vowel Score=3, Word Shape=CVC, IPA=bɑm
bane: Total Score=7, Consonant Score=2, Place Score=2, Vowel Score=3, Word Shape=CVC, IPA=beɪn
bass: Total Score=7, Consonant Score=3, Place Score=3, Vowel Score=1, Word Shape=CVC, IPA=bæs
bat: Total Score=7, Consonant Score=3, Place Score=3, Vowel Score=1, Word Shape=CVC, IPA=bæt
bead: Total Score=7, Consonant Score=3, Place Score=3, Vowel Score=1, Word Shape=CVC, IPA=bid
bed: Total Score=7, Consonant Score=3, Place Score=3, Vowel Score=1, Word Shape=CVC, IPA=bɛd
beef: Total Score=7, Consonant Score=3, Place Score=3, Vowel Score=1, Word Shape=CVC, IPA=bif
beet: Total Score=7, Consonant Score=3, Place Score=3, Vowel Score=1, Word Shape=CVC, IPA=bit
bet: Total Score=7, Consonant Score=3, Place Score=3, Vowel Score=1, Word Shape=CVC, IPA=bɛt
bid: Total Score=7, Consonant Score=3, Place Score=3, Vowel Score=1, Word Shape=CVC, IPA=bɪd
biff: Total Score=7, Consonant Score=3, Place Score=3, Vowel Score=1, Word Shape=CVC, IPA=bɪf
bit: Total Score=7, Consonant Score=3, Place Score=3, Vowel Score=1, Word Shape=CVC, IPA=bɪt
bob: Total Score=7, Consonant Score=2, Place Score=2, Vowel Score=3, Word Shape=CVC, IPA=bɑb
bomb: Total Score=7, Consonant Score=2, Place Score=2, Vowel Score=3, Word Shape=CVC, IPA=bɔm
bon: Total Score=7, Consonant Score=2, Place Score=2, Vowel Score=3, Word Shape=CVC, IPA=bɑn
bone: Total Score=7, Consonant Score=2, Place Score=2, Vowel Score=3, Word Shape=CVC, IPA=boʊn
boob: Total Score=7, Consonant Score=2, Place Score=2, Vowel Score=3, Word Shape=CVC, IPA=bub
boom: Total Score=7, Consonant Score=2, Place Score=2, Vowel Score=3, Word Shape=CVC, IPA=bum
boon: Total Score=7, Consonant Score=2, Place Score=2, Vowel Score=3, Word Shape=CVC, IPA=bun
bop: Total Score=7, Consonant Score=2, Place Score=2, Vowel Score=3, Word Shape=CVC, IPA=bɑp
back: Total Score=8, Consonant Score=3, Place Score=4, Vowel Score=1, Word Shape=CVC, IPA=bæk
bag: Total Score=8, Consonant Score=3, Place Score=4, Vowel Score=1, Word Shape=CVC, IPA=bæg
beak: Total Score=8, Consonant Score=3, Place Score=4, Vowel Score=1, Word Shape=CVC, IPA=bik
beck: Total Score=8, Consonant Score=3, Place Score=4, Vowel Score=1, Word Shape=CVC, IPA=bɛk
bees: Total Score=8, Consonant Score=4, Place Score=3, Vowel Score=1, Word Shape=CVC, IPA=biz
beg: Total Score=8, Consonant Score=3, Place Score=4, Vowel Score=1, Word Shape=CVC, IPA=bɛg
bell: Total Score=8, Consonant Score=4, Place Score=3, Vowel Score=1, Word Shape=CVC, IPA=bɛl
big: Total Score=8, Consonant Score=3, Place Score=4, Vowel Score=1, Word Shape=CVC, IPA=bɪg
bill: Total Score=8, Consonant Score=4, Place Score=3, Vowel Score=1, Word Shape=CVC, IPA=bɪl
biz: Total Score=8, Consonant Score=4, Place Score=3, Vowel Score=1, Word Shape=CVC, IPA=bɪz
bud: Total Score=8, Consonant Score=3, Place Score=3, Vowel Score=2, Word Shape=CVC, IPA=bəd
bus: Total Score=8, Consonant Score=3, Place Score=3, Vowel Score=2, Word Shape=CVC, IPA=bəs
buss: Total Score=8, Consonant Score=3, Place Score=3, Vowel Score=2, Word Shape=CVC, IPA=bəs
but: Total Score=8, Consonant Score=3, Place Score=3, Vowel Score=2, Word Shape=CVC, IPA=bət
butt: Total Score=8, Consonant Score=3, Place Score=3, Vowel Score=2, Word Shape=CVC, IPA=bət
bump: Total Score=8, Consonant Score=3, Place Score=3, Vowel Score=2, Word Shape=CVCC, IPA=bəmp
bait: Total Score=9, Consonant Score=3, Place Score=3, Vowel Score=3, Word Shape=CVC, IPA=beɪt
base: Total Score=9, Consonant Score=3, Place Score=3, Vowel Score=3, Word Shape=CVC, IPA=beɪs
batch: Total Score=9, Consonant Score=4, Place Score=4, Vowel Score=1, Word Shape=CVC, IPA=bæʧ
bath: Total Score=9, Consonant Score=5, Place Score=3, Vowel Score=1, Word Shape=CVC, IPA=bæθ
beach: Total Score=9, Consonant Score=4, Place Score=4, Vowel Score=1, Word Shape=CVC, IPA=biʧ
bear: Total Score=9, Consonant Score=5, Place Score=3, Vowel Score=1, Word Shape=CVC, IPA=bɛr
beech: Total Score=9, Consonant Score=4, Place Score=4, Vowel Score=1, Word Shape=CVC, IPA=biʧ
beer: Total Score=9, Consonant Score=5, Place Score=3, Vowel Score=1, Word Shape=CVC, IPA=bɪr
bide: Total Score=9, Consonant Score=3, Place Score=3, Vowel Score=3, Word Shape=CVC, IPA=baɪd
bier: Total Score=9, Consonant Score=5, Place Score=3, Vowel Score=1, Word Shape=CVC, IPA=bir
bite: Total Score=9, Consonant Score=3, Place Score=3, Vowel Score=3, Word Shape=CVC, IPA=baɪt
boat: Total Score=9, Consonant Score=3, Place Score=3, Vowel Score=3, Word Shape=CVC, IPA=boʊt
boot: Total Score=9, Consonant Score=3, Place Score=3, Vowel Score=3, Word Shape=CVC, IPA=but
boss: Total Score=9, Consonant Score=3, Place Score=3, Vowel Score=3, Word Shape=CVC, IPA=bɔs
bought: Total Score=9, Consonant Score=3, Place Score=3, Vowel Score=3, Word Shape=CVC, IPA=bɔt
bout: Total Score=9, Consonant Score=3, Place Score=3, Vowel Score=3, Word Shape=CVC, IPA=baʊt
bowed: Total Score=9, Consonant Score=3, Place Score=3, Vowel Score=3, Word Shape=CVC, IPA=boʊd
buck: Total Score=9, Consonant Score=3, Place Score=4, Vowel Score=2, Word Shape=CVC, IPA=bək
bug: Total Score=9, Consonant Score=3, Place Score=4, Vowel Score=2, Word Shape=CVC, IPA=bəg
buzz: Total Score=9, Consonant Score=4, Place Score=3, Vowel Score=2, Word Shape=CVC, IPA=bəz
byte: Total Score=9, Consonant Score=3, Place Score=3, Vowel Score=3, Word Shape=CVC, IPA=baɪt
band: Total Score=9, Consonant Score=4, Place Score=4, Vowel Score=1, Word Shape=CVCC, IPA=bænd
bend: Total Score=9, Consonant Score=4, Place Score=4, Vowel Score=1, Word Shape=CVCC, IPA=bɛnd
bent: Total Score=9, Consonant Score=4, Place Score=4, Vowel Score=1, Word Shape=CVCC, IPA=bɛnt
badge: Total Score=10, Consonant Score=5, Place Score=4, Vowel Score=1, Word Shape=CVC, IPA=bæʤ
bail: Total Score=10, Consonant Score=4, Place Score=3, Vowel Score=3, Word Shape=CVC, IPA=beɪl
bake: Total Score=10, Consonant Score=3, Place Score=4, Vowel Score=3, Word Shape=CVC, IPA=beɪk
bale: Total Score=10, Consonant Score=4, Place Score=3, Vowel Score=3, Word Shape=CVC, IPA=beɪl
ball: Total Score=10, Consonant Score=4, Place Score=3, Vowel Score=3, Word Shape=CVC, IPA=bɔl
bawl: Total Score=10, Consonant Score=4, Place Score=3, Vowel Score=3, Word Shape=CVC, IPA=bɔl
bike: Total Score=10, Consonant Score=3, Place Score=4, Vowel Score=3, Word Shape=CVC, IPA=baɪk
bog: Total Score=10, Consonant Score=3, Place Score=4, Vowel Score=3, Word Shape=CVC, IPA=bɔg
boil: Total Score=10, Consonant Score=4, Place Score=3, Vowel Score=3, Word Shape=CVC, IPA=bɔɪl
boll: Total Score=10, Consonant Score=4, Place Score=3, Vowel Score=3, Word Shape=CVC, IPA=boʊl
book: Total Score=10, Consonant Score=3, Place Score=4, Vowel Score=3, Word Shape=CVC, IPA=bʊk
booze: Total Score=10, Consonant Score=4, Place Score=3, Vowel Score=3, Word Shape=CVC, IPA=buz
bowl: Total Score=10, Consonant Score=4, Place Score=3, Vowel Score=3, Word Shape=CVC, IPA=boʊl
bull: Total Score=10, Consonant Score=4, Place Score=3, Vowel Score=3, Word Shape=CVC, IPA=bʊl
bank: Total Score=10, Consonant Score=4, Place Score=5, Vowel Score=1, Word Shape=CVCC, IPA=bæŋk
beans: Total Score=10, Consonant Score=5, Place Score=4, Vowel Score=1, Word Shape=CVCC, IPA=binz
bar: Total Score=11, Consonant Score=5, Place Score=3, Vowel Score=3, Word Shape=CVC, IPA=bɑr
bathe: Total Score=11, Consonant Score=5, Place Score=3, Vowel Score=3, Word Shape=CVC, IPA=beɪð
beige: Total Score=11, Consonant Score=5, Place Score=3, Vowel Score=3, Word Shape=CVC, IPA=beɪʒ
booth: Total Score=11, Consonant Score=5, Place Score=3, Vowel Score=3, Word Shape=CVC, IPA=buθ
bosh: Total Score=11, Consonant Score=4, Place Score=4, Vowel Score=3, Word Shape=CVC, IPA=bɑʃ
botch: Total Score=11, Consonant Score=4, Place Score=4, Vowel Score=3, Word Shape=CVC, IPA=bɑʧ
both: Total Score=11, Consonant Score=5, Place Score=3, Vowel Score=3, Word Shape=CVC, IPA=boʊθ
budge: Total Score=11, Consonant Score=5, Place Score=4, Vowel Score=2, Word Shape=CVC, IPA=bəʤ
bush: Total Score=11, Consonant Score=4, Place Score=4, Vowel Score=3, Word Shape=CVC, IPA=bʊʃ
beast: Total Score=11, Consonant Score=5, Place Score=5, Vowel Score=1, Word Shape=CVCC, IPA=bist
bench: Total Score=11, Consonant Score=5, Place Score=5, Vowel Score=1, Word Shape=CVCC, IPA=bɛnʧ
best: Total Score=11, Consonant Score=5, Place Score=5, Vowel Score=1, Word Shape=CVCC, IPA=bɛst
bind: Total Score=11, Consonant Score=4, Place Score=4, Vowel Score=3, Word Shape=CVCC, IPA=baɪnd
bond: Total Score=11, Consonant Score=4, Place Score=4, Vowel Score=3, Word Shape=CVCC, IPA=bɑnd
bounce: Total Score=11, Consonant Score=4, Place Score=4, Vowel Score=3, Word Shape=CVCC, IPA=baʊns
bound: Total Score=11, Consonant Score=4, Place Score=4, Vowel Score=3, Word Shape=CVCC, IPA=baʊnd
bulb: Total Score=11, Consonant Score=5, Place Score=4, Vowel Score=2, Word Shape=CVCC, IPA=bəlb
bunk: Total Score=11, Consonant Score=4, Place Score=5, Vowel Score=2, Word Shape=CVCC, IPA=bəŋk
backs: Total Score=12, Consonant Score=5, Place Score=6, Vowel Score=1, Word Shape=CVCC, IPA=bæks
belt: Total Score=12, Consonant Score=6, Place Score=5, Vowel Score=1, Word Shape=CVCC, IPA=bɛlt
billed: Total Score=12, Consonant Score=6, Place Score=5, Vowel Score=1, Word Shape=CVCC, IPA=bɪld
bisque: Total Score=12, Consonant Score=5, Place Score=6, Vowel Score=1, Word Shape=CVCC, IPA=bɪsk
build: Total Score=12, Consonant Score=6, Place Score=5, Vowel Score=1, Word Shape=CVCC, IPA=bɪld
built: Total Score=12, Consonant Score=6, Place Score=5, Vowel Score=1, Word Shape=CVCC, IPA=bɪlt
burn: Total Score=12, Consonant Score=6, Place Score=4, Vowel Score=2, Word Shape=CVCC, IPA=bərn
bust: Total Score=12, Consonant Score=5, Place Score=5, Vowel Score=2, Word Shape=CVCC, IPA=bəst
barn: Total Score=13, Consonant Score=6, Place Score=4, Vowel Score=3, Word Shape=CVCC, IPA=bɑrn
based: Total Score=13, Consonant Score=5, Place Score=5, Vowel Score=3, Word Shape=CVCC, IPA=beɪst
beard: Total Score=13, Consonant Score=7, Place Score=5, Vowel Score=1, Word Shape=CVCC, IPA=bɪrd
boost: Total Score=13, Consonant Score=5, Place Score=5, Vowel Score=3, Word Shape=CVCC, IPA=bust
born: Total Score=13, Consonant Score=6, Place Score=4, Vowel Score=3, Word Shape=CVCC, IPA=bɔrn
bald: Total Score=14, Consonant Score=6, Place Score=5, Vowel Score=3, Word Shape=CVCC, IPA=bɔld
bears: Total Score=14, Consonant Score=8, Place Score=5, Vowel Score=1, Word Shape=CVCC, IPA=bɛrz
bird: Total Score=14, Consonant Score=7, Place Score=5, Vowel Score=2, Word Shape=CVCC, IPA=bərd
bold: Total Score=14, Consonant Score=6, Place Score=5, Vowel Score=3, Word Shape=CVCC, IPA=boʊld
bolt: Total Score=14, Consonant Score=6, Place Score=5, Vowel Score=3, Word Shape=CVCC, IPA=boʊlt
box: Total Score=14, Consonant Score=5, Place Score=6, Vowel Score=3, Word Shape=CVCC, IPA=bɑks
barf: Total Score=15, Consonant Score=7, Place Score=5, Vowel Score=3, Word Shape=CVCC, IPA=bɑrf
bored: Total Score=15, Consonant Score=7, Place Score=5, Vowel Score=3, Word Shape=CVCC, IPA=bɔrd
bourse: Total Score=15, Consonant Score=7, Place Score=5, Vowel Score=3, Word Shape=CVCC, IPA=bɔrs
burl: Total Score=15, Consonant Score=8, Place Score=5, Vowel Score=2, Word Shape=CVCC, IPA=bərl
bark: Total Score=16, Consonant Score=7, Place Score=6, Vowel Score=3, Word Shape=CVCC, IPA=bɑrk
birch: Total Score=16, Consonant Score=8, Place Score=6, Vowel Score=2, Word Shape=CVCC, IPA=bərʧ
birth: Total Score=16, Consonant Score=9, Place Score=5, Vowel Score=2, Word Shape=CVCC, IPA=bərθ
barge: Total Score=18, Consonant Score=9, Place Score=6, Vowel Score=3, Word Shape=CVCC, IPA=bɑrʤ
burst: Total Score=18, Consonant Score=9, Place Score=7, Vowel Score=2, Word Shape=Other, IPA=bərst
Group 2 (clusters):
bleep: Total Score=10, Consonant Score=5, Place Score=4, Vowel Score=1, Word Shape=CCVC, IPA=blip
blip: Total Score=10, Consonant Score=5, Place Score=4, Vowel Score=1, Word Shape=CCVC, IPA=blɪp
blow: Total Score=10, Consonant Score=4, Place Score=3, Vowel Score=3, Word Shape=Other, IPA=bloʊ
blue: Total Score=10, Consonant Score=4, Place Score=3, Vowel Score=3, Word Shape=Other, IPA=blu
bring: Total Score=11, Consonant Score=6, Place Score=4, Vowel Score=1, Word Shape=CCVC, IPA=brɪŋ
bra: Total Score=11, Consonant Score=5, Place Score=3, Vowel Score=3, Word Shape=Other, IPA=brɑ
brow: Total Score=11, Consonant Score=5, Place Score=3, Vowel Score=3, Word Shape=Other, IPA=braʊ
blame: Total Score=12, Consonant Score=5, Place Score=4, Vowel Score=3, Word Shape=CCVC, IPA=bleɪm
bleed: Total Score=12, Consonant Score=6, Place Score=5, Vowel Score=1, Word Shape=CCVC, IPA=blid
bless: Total Score=12, Consonant Score=6, Place Score=5, Vowel Score=1, Word Shape=CCVC, IPA=blɛs
bliss: Total Score=12, Consonant Score=6, Place Score=5, Vowel Score=1, Word Shape=CCVC, IPA=blɪs
blob: Total Score=12, Consonant Score=5, Place Score=4, Vowel Score=3, Word Shape=CCVC, IPA=blɑb
bloom: Total Score=12, Consonant Score=5, Place Score=4, Vowel Score=3, Word Shape=CCVC, IPA=blum
blimp: Total Score=12, Consonant Score=6, Place Score=5, Vowel Score=1, Word Shape=CCVCC, IPA=blɪmp
black: Total Score=13, Consonant Score=6, Place Score=6, Vowel Score=1, Word Shape=CCVC, IPA=blæk
bleak: Total Score=13, Consonant Score=6, Place Score=6, Vowel Score=1, Word Shape=CCVC, IPA=blik
blood: Total Score=13, Consonant Score=6, Place Score=5, Vowel Score=2, Word Shape=CCVC, IPA=bləd
bluff: Total Score=13, Consonant Score=6, Place Score=5, Vowel Score=2, Word Shape=CCVC, IPA=bləf
brain: Total Score=13, Consonant Score=6, Place Score=4, Vowel Score=3, Word Shape=CCVC, IPA=breɪn
brass: Total Score=13, Consonant Score=7, Place Score=5, Vowel Score=1, Word Shape=CCVC, IPA=bræs
brat: Total Score=13, Consonant Score=7, Place Score=5, Vowel Score=1, Word Shape=CCVC, IPA=bræt
bread: Total Score=13, Consonant Score=7, Place Score=5, Vowel Score=1, Word Shape=CCVC, IPA=brɛd
bred: Total Score=13, Consonant Score=7, Place Score=5, Vowel Score=1, Word Shape=CCVC, IPA=brɛd
breed: Total Score=13, Consonant Score=7, Place Score=5, Vowel Score=1, Word Shape=CCVC, IPA=brid
brief: Total Score=13, Consonant Score=7, Place Score=5, Vowel Score=1, Word Shape=CCVC, IPA=brif
brine: Total Score=13, Consonant Score=6, Place Score=4, Vowel Score=3, Word Shape=CCVC, IPA=braɪn
broom: Total Score=13, Consonant Score=6, Place Score=4, Vowel Score=3, Word Shape=CCVC, IPA=brum
brown: Total Score=13, Consonant Score=6, Place Score=4, Vowel Score=3, Word Shape=CCVC, IPA=braʊn
blade: Total Score=14, Consonant Score=6, Place Score=5, Vowel Score=3, Word Shape=CCVC, IPA=bleɪd
bleach: Total Score=14, Consonant Score=7, Place Score=6, Vowel Score=1, Word Shape=CCVC, IPA=bliʧ
blouse: Total Score=14, Consonant Score=6, Place Score=5, Vowel Score=3, Word Shape=CCVC, IPA=blaʊs
brag: Total Score=14, Consonant Score=7, Place Score=6, Vowel Score=1, Word Shape=CCVC, IPA=bræg
breeze: Total Score=14, Consonant Score=8, Place Score=5, Vowel Score=1, Word Shape=CCVC, IPA=briz
brick: Total Score=14, Consonant Score=7, Place Score=6, Vowel Score=1, Word Shape=CCVC, IPA=brɪk
brig: Total Score=14, Consonant Score=7, Place Score=6, Vowel Score=1, Word Shape=CCVC, IPA=brɪg
bland: Total Score=14, Consonant Score=7, Place Score=6, Vowel Score=1, Word Shape=CCVCC, IPA=blænd
blend: Total Score=14, Consonant Score=7, Place Score=6, Vowel Score=1, Word Shape=CCVCC, IPA=blɛnd
brail: Total Score=14, Consonant Score=8, Place Score=5, Vowel Score=1, Word Shape=Other, IPA=bræɪl
blaze: Total Score=15, Consonant Score=7, Place Score=5, Vowel Score=3, Word Shape=CCVC, IPA=bleɪz
block: Total Score=15, Consonant Score=6, Place Score=6, Vowel Score=3, Word Shape=CCVC, IPA=blɑk
bloke: Total Score=15, Consonant Score=6, Place Score=6, Vowel Score=3, Word Shape=CCVC, IPA=bloʊk
blues: Total Score=15, Consonant Score=7, Place Score=5, Vowel Score=3, Word Shape=CCVC, IPA=bluz
blur: Total Score=15, Consonant Score=8, Place Score=5, Vowel Score=2, Word Shape=CCVC, IPA=blər
brace: Total Score=15, Consonant Score=7, Place Score=5, Vowel Score=3, Word Shape=CCVC, IPA=breɪs
braid: Total Score=15, Consonant Score=7, Place Score=5, Vowel Score=3, Word Shape=CCVC, IPA=breɪd
breach: Total Score=15, Consonant Score=8, Place Score=6, Vowel Score=1, Word Shape=CCVC, IPA=briʧ
breath: Total Score=15, Consonant Score=9, Place Score=5, Vowel Score=1, Word Shape=CCVC, IPA=brɛθ
breathe: Total Score=15, Consonant Score=9, Place Score=5, Vowel Score=1, Word Shape=CCVC, IPA=brið
breech: Total Score=15, Consonant Score=8, Place Score=6, Vowel Score=1, Word Shape=CCVC, IPA=briʧ
bride: Total Score=15, Consonant Score=7, Place Score=5, Vowel Score=3, Word Shape=CCVC, IPA=braɪd
bright: Total Score=15, Consonant Score=7, Place Score=5, Vowel Score=3, Word Shape=CCVC, IPA=braɪt
Broad: Total Score=15, Consonant Score=7, Place Score=5, Vowel Score=3, Word Shape=CCVC, IPA=brɔd
brood: Total Score=15, Consonant Score=7, Place Score=5, Vowel Score=3, Word Shape=CCVC, IPA=brud
brought: Total Score=15, Consonant Score=7, Place Score=5, Vowel Score=3, Word Shape=CCVC, IPA=brɔt
brute: Total Score=15, Consonant Score=7, Place Score=5, Vowel Score=3, Word Shape=CCVC, IPA=brut
blank: Total Score=15, Consonant Score=7, Place Score=7, Vowel Score=1, Word Shape=CCVCC, IPA=blæŋk
blink: Total Score=15, Consonant Score=7, Place Score=7, Vowel Score=1, Word Shape=CCVCC, IPA=blɪŋk
blunt: Total Score=15, Consonant Score=7, Place Score=6, Vowel Score=2, Word Shape=CCVCC, IPA=blənt
brand: Total Score=15, Consonant Score=8, Place Score=6, Vowel Score=1, Word Shape=CCVCC, IPA=brænd
blithe: Total Score=16, Consonant Score=8, Place Score=5, Vowel Score=3, Word Shape=CCVC, IPA=blaɪð
Braille: Total Score=16, Consonant Score=8, Place Score=5, Vowel Score=3, Word Shape=CCVC, IPA=breɪl
brake: Total Score=16, Consonant Score=7, Place Score=6, Vowel Score=3, Word Shape=CCVC, IPA=breɪk
brave: Total Score=16, Consonant Score=8, Place Score=5, Vowel Score=3, Word Shape=CCVC, IPA=breɪv
break: Total Score=16, Consonant Score=7, Place Score=6, Vowel Score=3, Word Shape=CCVC, IPA=breɪk
bridge: Total Score=16, Consonant Score=9, Place Score=6, Vowel Score=1, Word Shape=CCVC, IPA=brɪʤ
broil: Total Score=16, Consonant Score=8, Place Score=5, Vowel Score=3, Word Shape=CCVC, IPA=brɔɪl
broke: Total Score=16, Consonant Score=7, Place Score=6, Vowel Score=3, Word Shape=CCVC, IPA=broʊk
brook: Total Score=16, Consonant Score=7, Place Score=6, Vowel Score=3, Word Shape=CCVC, IPA=brʊk
bruise: Total Score=16, Consonant Score=8, Place Score=5, Vowel Score=3, Word Shape=CCVC, IPA=bruz
brush: Total Score=16, Consonant Score=8, Place Score=6, Vowel Score=2, Word Shape=CCVC, IPA=brəʃ
blanch: Total Score=16, Consonant Score=8, Place Score=7, Vowel Score=1, Word Shape=CCVCC, IPA=blænʧ
blast: Total Score=16, Consonant Score=8, Place Score=7, Vowel Score=1, Word Shape=CCVCC, IPA=blæst
blessed: Total Score=16, Consonant Score=8, Place Score=7, Vowel Score=1, Word Shape=CCVCC, IPA=blɛst
blest: Total Score=16, Consonant Score=8, Place Score=7, Vowel Score=1, Word Shape=CCVCC, IPA=blɛst
blind: Total Score=16, Consonant Score=7, Place Score=6, Vowel Score=3, Word Shape=CCVCC, IPA=blaɪnd
blond: Total Score=16, Consonant Score=7, Place Score=6, Vowel Score=3, Word Shape=CCVCC, IPA=blɑnd
blonde: Total Score=16, Consonant Score=7, Place Score=6, Vowel Score=3, Word Shape=CCVCC, IPA=blɑnd
brink: Total Score=16, Consonant Score=8, Place Score=7, Vowel Score=1, Word Shape=CCVCC, IPA=brɪŋk
broach: Total Score=17, Consonant Score=8, Place Score=6, Vowel Score=3, Word Shape=CCVC, IPA=broʊʧ
broth: Total Score=17, Consonant Score=9, Place Score=5, Vowel Score=3, Word Shape=CCVC, IPA=brɔθ
blacks: Total Score=17, Consonant Score=8, Place Score=8, Vowel Score=1, Word Shape=CCVCC, IPA=blæks
branch: Total Score=17, Consonant Score=9, Place Score=7, Vowel Score=1, Word Shape=CCVCC, IPA=brænʧ
breast: Total Score=17, Consonant Score=9, Place Score=7, Vowel Score=1, Word Shape=CCVCC, IPA=brɛst
browned: Total Score=17, Consonant Score=8, Place Score=6, Vowel Score=3, Word Shape=CCVCC, IPA=braʊnd
bricks: Total Score=18, Consonant Score=9, Place Score=8, Vowel Score=1, Word Shape=CCVCC, IPA=brɪks
brisk: Total Score=18, Consonant Score=9, Place Score=8, Vowel Score=1, Word Shape=CCVCC, IPA=brɪsk
brunch: Total Score=18, Consonant Score=9, Place Score=7, Vowel Score=2, Word Shape=CCVCC, IPA=brənʧ
blocks: Total Score=19, Consonant Score=8, Place Score=8, Vowel Score=3, Word Shape=CCVCC, IPA=blɑks
blurred: Total Score=19, Consonant Score=10, Place Score=7, Vowel Score=2, Word Shape=CCVCC, IPA=blərd
brusque: Total Score=19, Consonant Score=9, Place Score=8, Vowel Score=2, Word Shape=CCVCC, IPA=brəsk
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